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Biota
Hylarana nigrovittata
EOL Text
Hylarana nigrovittata is also known as the Sapgreen Stream Frog. Its distribution is in India, China, Vietnam and throughout the Malay Peninsula.
References
- ^ Peter Paul van Dijk, Djoko Iskandar, Yang Datong, Annemarie Ohler, Lu Shunqing & Saibul Sengupta (2004). Hylarana nigrovittata. In: IUCN 2004. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on December 20, 2009.
- Fei, Ye, Jiang, and Xie, 2008, Acta Zootaxon. Sinica, 33: 206
- Bourret, 1939, Annexe Bull. Gen. Instr. Publique, Hanoi, 1939: 46.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hylarana_nigrovittata&oldid=385961304 |
The dark-sided frog, Hylarana nigrovitatta, was first described from Myanmar as Limnodytes nigrovitatta in 1856. The species is widely distributed in continental Asia, from Eastern India, through southern China (Yunnan province) Myanmar, Thailand, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Viet Nam, Cambodia, the northern half of Peninsular Malaysia and extending to the Thai island of Phuket. While H. nigrovitatta occurs up at altitudes of 60-1,200 m above sea level, it is most common in drier, lowland forests at 200-600m asl (Van Dijk et al. 2004).
Hylarana nigrovitatta appears to comprise a species complex with at least three different morphotypes, and further research will likely distinguish boundaries subdividing H. nigrovitatta into several species across this wide range (van Dijk et al. 2004; Baker 2016). For example, Gawor et al. (2009) discuss adult, larval and molecular variation that indicates Vietnamese and Thai populations are distinct at the species level. While across its range this species (sensu lato) appears stable, further study of unknown cryptic species subsumed within H. nigrovitatta may indeed be in need of conservation measures.
Adults are found on the sandy banks of streams, ponds, and pools, hiding under rocks, logs, crevices and vegetation. Though they predominantly inhabit primary forests, they can adapt to disturbed areas, and sometimes can be found in areas inhabited by humans, such as in town gutters and drains. They are a distinctive frog, with a pointed snout, slender medium brown colored body, and reach a maximum size of 75mm. They have characteristic broad, black lateral stripes that runs from the snout across the eye and external tympanum, along the body side to the hind limbs. The hind limbs have dark mottling or stripe markings. Primarily nocturnal, males call regularly in the evenings, though adults can be found active during the daytime.
Adults breed in dry season (September-March), and starting in early October females deposit small, dark-colored, jelly-coated eggs onto the water surface, where they float on the surface (in Thailand; Gowor et al. 2009, 2011). Eggs hatch after just a few days into tadpoles, that measure 2-3 mm and hang vertically in the water column. After 7-10 days, tadpoles live in abundance on the sandy surface of the water. Young tadpoles have light pigmentation that darkens to brown-olive marbled coloring on their dorsal surface as they age, and a slightly transparent, light olive coloring on their ventral side. During the day, the tadpoles hide by lying still on algae layers. The tadpoles develop rapidly into froglets and leave the water in 50-70 days (Gowor et al. 2011). Researchers have successfully bred H. nigrovittata (from Thailand) in the laboratory (Gowor et al. 2009; 2011), and the development of these frogs is well documented.
Note Frost et al. (2006) and various other molecular studies classify this taxon as Sylvirana nigrovittata (Frost 2015).
- Frost, D. R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R. H. Bain, A. Haas, C. F. B. Haddad, R. O. de Sá, A. Channing, M. Wilkinson, S. C. Donnellan, C. J. Raxworthy, J. A. Campbell, B. L. Blotto, P. E. Moler, R. C. Drewes, R. A. Nussbaum, J. D. Lynch, D. M. Green, and W. C. Wheeler. 2006. The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–370 [Available for anonymous download at http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/5781 ].
- Baker, N. 2016. Black-striped frog. Ecology Asia: Amphibians of SE Asia. Retrieved June 2, 2016 from http://www.ecologyasia.com/verts/amphibians/black-striped_frog.htm.
- Frost, Darrel R. 2016. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (June 2, 2016). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Ranidae/Sylvirana/Sylvirana-nigrovittata. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
- Gawor, A., R. Hendrix, M. Vences, W. Böhme, and T. Ziegler. 2009. Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae). Zootaxa 2051: 1–25.
- Gawor, A., van der Straeten, K., Karbe, D., Manthey, U. and Ziegler, T., 2011. Reproduction and development of the dark-sided frog Hylarana nigrovittata sensu lato at the Cologne Zoo. Salamandra, 47(1), pp.1-8.
- van Dijk, P.P., D. Iskandar, Y. Datong, A. Ohler, L. Shunqing, S. Sengupta, 2004. Hylarana nigrovittata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T58681A11809639. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58681A11809639.en. Downloaded on 02 June 2016.
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Rights holder/Author | Dana Campbell, Dana Campbell |
Source | No source database. |
This species is known from southern Yunnan, China, and southern Myanmar through Thailand, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Viet Nam and Cambodia to the northern half of Peninsular Malaysia (Bourret, 1941, Taylor, 1962, Berry, 1975, Inger et al., 1999 and Stuart, 1999), and has an island occurrence on Phuket (Frith, 1977). It has been recorded once from North Sumatra, Indonesia, and has also been reported from localities in Assam, Meghalay and Nagaland in India. It usually occurs at mid-altitudes (from 200-600m asl), but ranges as widely as 60-1,200m asl.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/58681 |
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
- Terrestrial
- Freshwater
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Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/58681 |
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
Red List Criteria
Year Assessed
- Needs updating
Assessor/s
Reviewer/s
Contributor/s
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/58681 |
Population
Population Trend
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/58681 |
Major Threats
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/58681 |